Kev taw qhia ntawm oriented strand board

Kev taw qhia ntawm oriented strand board

Oriented strand board

Oriented strand board (OSB) yog ib hom engineered ntoo zoo ib yam li particle board, tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv adhesives thiab ces compressing txheej ntawm ntoo strands (flakes) nyob rau hauv tej orientations.Nws tau tsim los ntawm Armin Elmendorf hauv California hauv xyoo 1963.[1]OSB tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug ntxhib thiab variegated nto nrog ib tug strips ntawm ib ncig ntawm 2.5 cm × 15 cm (1.0 los ntawm 5.9 ntiv tes), dag unevenly hla ib leeg, thiab yog tsim nyob rau hauv ntau hom thiab thicknesses.

Siv
OSB yog cov khoom siv nrog cov khoom siv kho kom zoo uas ua rau nws tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev siv cov khoom siv thauj khoom hauv kev tsim kho.[2]Nws yog tam sim no nrov dua plywood, txib 66% ntawm North American structural vaj huam sib luag lag luam.[3]Kev siv ntau tshaj plaws yog sheathing hauv phab ntsa, flooring, thiab ru tsev decking.Rau kev siv phab ntsa sab nrauv, cov vaj huam sib luag muaj nyob nrog cov txheej txheem radiant-barrier laminated rau ib sab;Qhov no yooj yim installation thiab ua kom lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev lub hnab ntawv.OSB kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov rooj tog.

Kev tsim khoom
Oriented strand board yog tsim nyob rau hauv dav mats los ntawm cross-oriented khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm nyias, rectangular ntoo strips compressed thiab bonded ua ke nrog siv quav ciab thiab hluavtaws resin adhesives.

Cov nplaum nplaum hom siv xws li: urea-formaldehyde (OSB hom 1, nonstructural, nonwaterproof);isocyanate-raws li kua nplaum (los yog PMDI poly-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate raws li) nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam sab hauv nrog melamine-urea-formaldehyde los yog phenol formaldehyde resin glues ntawm nto (OSB hom 2, qauv, dej resistant ntawm lub ntsej muag);phenol formaldehyde resin thoob plaws (OSB hom 3 thiab 4, qauv, siv rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej thiab sab nraud).

Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog tsim los ntawm shredding ntoo rau hauv ib daim hlab, uas yog sifted thiab ces oriented rau ib tug siv los yog hlau cauls.Lub lev yog ua nyob rau hauv ib txoj kab sib sau.Ntoo strips ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog ua raws li lub vaj huam sib luag lub zog axis, thaum cov txheej sab hauv yog perpendicular.Tus naj npawb ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog txiav txim los ntawm ib feem ntawm lub thickness ntawm lub vaj huam sib luag, tab sis tsuas yog txwv los ntawm cov khoom nruab rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom.Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg kuj tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv cov tuab kom muab cov vaj huam sib luag tiav sib txawv (feem ntau, 15 cm (5.9 hauv) txheej yuav tsim 15 hli (0.59 hauv) vaj huam sib luag thickness [citation xav tau]).Lub lev yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub thermal xovxwm kom compress cov flakes thiab khi lawv los ntawm kev ua kom sov thiab kho cov resin uas tau coated rau ntawm flakes.Ib tug neeg panels ces txiav los ntawm mats mus rau hauv tiav qhov ntau thiab tsawg.Feem ntau ntawm lub ntiaj teb OSB yog tsim nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Canada hauv cov chaw tsim khoom loj.

Cov khoom lag luam ntsig txog
Cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis yog ntoo tau siv los tsim cov khoom zoo ib yam li OSB.Oriented structural straw board yog ib tug engineered board ua los ntawm splitting straw thiab tsim los ntawm kev ntxiv P-MDI adhesives thiab ces kub compressing khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm straw nyob rau hauv tej orientations.[5]Strand board kuj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm bagasse.

Ntau lawm
Xyoo 2005, Canadian ntau lawm yog 10,500,000 m2 (113,000,000 sq ft) (3⁄8 hauv lossis 9.53 mm hauv paus) ntawm 8,780,000 m2 (94,500,000 sq ft) (3⁄8 hauv lossis 9.53 mm hauv tebchaws United States) yuav luag tag nrho. [6]Nyob rau hauv 2014, Romania tau los ua tus loj tshaj OSB exporting lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe, nrog 28% ntawm exports mus rau Russia thiab 16% rau Ukraine.

Cov khoom
Kev hloov kho rau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau thickness, vaj huam sib luag loj, lub zog, thiab rigidity.OSB panels tsis muaj qhov khoob sab hauv lossis voids, thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus dej, txawm hais tias lawv xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv kom ua tiav impermeability rau dej thiab tsis pom zoo rau kev siv sab nrauv.Cov khoom tiav lawm muaj cov khoom zoo ib yam li plywood, tab sis yog ib yam thiab pheej yig dua.[8]Thaum kuaj tsis ua hauj lwm, OSB muaj peev xwm thauj khoom ntau dua li cov ntoo milled[9]Nws tau hloov plywood nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog North American structural vaj huam sib luag lag luam.

Thaum OSB tsis muaj cov nplej tas li zoo li cov ntoo ntuj, nws muaj ib qho axis uas nws lub zog loj tshaj.Qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev soj ntsuam qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw ntoo chips.

Tag nrho cov txheej txheem siv cov ntoo tuaj yeem txiav thiab ntsia nrog tib hom khoom siv rau cov khoom ntoo.

Kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb
Cov resins siv los tsim OSB tau tsa cov lus nug txog lub peev xwm rau OSB kom emit volatile organic tebchaw xws li formaldehyde.Urea-formaldehyde yog tshuaj lom ntau dua thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv hauv tsev.Phenol-formaldehyde cov khoom raug suav hais tias yog tsis muaj kev phom sij.Qee hom tshiab ntawm OSB, thiaj li hu ua "tshiab-tiam" OSB panels, siv isocyanate resins uas tsis muaj formaldehyde thiab suav hais tias yog nonvolatile thaum kho.[10]Kev lag luam pawg lag luam lees paub tias formaldehyde emissions los ntawm North American OSB yog "tsis pom zoo lossis tsis muaj".[11]

Qee cov tuam txhab lag luam kho cov ntoo chips nrog ntau yam borate compounds uas muaj tshuaj lom rau cov kab mob, cov kab tho ntoo, pwm, thiab cov kab mob, tab sis tsis yog tsiaj txhu hauv cov koob tshuaj.

Hom
Tsib qib ntawm OSB tau txhais nyob rau hauv EN 300 hais txog lawv cov kev ua tau zoo thiab cov txheeb ze rau cov dej noo: [2]

OSB/0 - Tsis muaj formaldehyde ntxiv
OSB/1 - General-purpose boards thiab boards rau sab hauv fittings (xws li rooj tog) rau siv nyob rau hauv qhuav tej yam kev mob
OSB/2 - Load-bearing boards rau siv nyob rau hauv qhuav qhuav
OSB/3 - Load-bearing boards siv nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub
OSB/4 - Hnyav-duty load-bearing boards siv nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub